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> Allows `SELECT` and `INSERT` queries to be performed on data that are stored on a remote MySQL server.

# mysql

Allows `SELECT` and `INSERT` queries to be performed on data that are stored on a remote MySQL server.

<h2 id="syntax">
  Syntax
</h2>

```sql theme={null}
mysql({host:port, database, table, user, password[, replace_query, on_duplicate_clause] | named_collection[, option=value [,..]]})
```

<h2 id="arguments">
  Arguments
</h2>

| Argument              | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| `host:port`           | MySQL server address.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `database`            | Remote database name.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
| `table`               | Remote table name.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
| `user`                | MySQL user.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| `password`            | User password.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| `replace_query`       | Flag that converts `INSERT INTO` queries to `REPLACE INTO`. Possible values:<br />    - `0` - The query is executed as `INSERT INTO`.<br />    - `1` - The query is executed as `REPLACE INTO`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |
| `on_duplicate_clause` | The `ON DUPLICATE KEY on_duplicate_clause` expression that is added to the `INSERT` query. Can be specified only with `replace_query = 0` (if you simultaneously pass `replace_query = 1` and `on_duplicate_clause`, ClickHouse generates an exception).<br />    Example: `INSERT INTO t (c1,c2) VALUES ('a', 2) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE c2 = c2 + 1;`<br />    `on_duplicate_clause` here is `UPDATE c2 = c2 + 1`. See the MySQL documentation to find which `on_duplicate_clause` you can use with the `ON DUPLICATE KEY` clause. |

Arguments also can be passed using [named collections](/concepts/features/configuration/server-config/named-collections). In this case `host` and `port` should be specified separately. This approach is recommended for production environment.

Simple `WHERE` clauses such as `=, !=, >, >=, <, <=` are currently executed on the MySQL server.

The rest of the conditions and the `LIMIT` sampling constraint are executed in ClickHouse only after the query to MySQL finishes.

Supports multiple replicas that must be listed by `|`. For example:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT name FROM mysql(`mysql{1|2|3}:3306`, 'mysql_database', 'mysql_table', 'user', 'password');
```

or

```sql theme={null}
SELECT name FROM mysql(`mysql1:3306|mysql2:3306|mysql3:3306`, 'mysql_database', 'mysql_table', 'user', 'password');
```

<h2 id="returned_value">
  Returned value
</h2>

A table object with the same columns as the original MySQL table.

<Note>
  Some data types of MySQL can be mapped to different ClickHouse types - this is addressed by query-level setting [mysql\_datatypes\_support\_level](/reference/settings/session-settings#mysql_datatypes_support_level)
</Note>

<Note>
  In the `INSERT` query to distinguish table function `mysql(...)` from table name with column names list, you must use keywords `FUNCTION` or `TABLE FUNCTION`. See examples below.
</Note>

<h2 id="examples">
  Examples
</h2>

Table in MySQL:

```text theme={null}
mysql> CREATE TABLE `test`.`test` (
    ->   `int_id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    ->   `float` FLOAT NOT NULL,
    ->   PRIMARY KEY (`int_id`));

mysql> INSERT INTO test (`int_id`, `float`) VALUES (1,2);

mysql> SELECT * FROM test;
+--------+-------+
| int_id | float |
+--------+-------+
|      1 |     2 |
+--------+-------+
```

Selecting data from ClickHouse:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT * FROM mysql('localhost:3306', 'test', 'test', 'bayonet', '123');
```

Or using [named collections](/concepts/features/configuration/server-config/named-collections):

```sql theme={null}
CREATE NAMED COLLECTION creds AS
        host = 'localhost',
        port = 3306,
        database = 'test',
        user = 'bayonet',
        password = '123';
SELECT * FROM mysql(creds, table='test');
```

```text theme={null}
┌─int_id─┬─float─┐
│      1 │     2 │
└────────┴───────┘
```

Replacing and inserting:

```sql theme={null}
INSERT INTO FUNCTION mysql('localhost:3306', 'test', 'test', 'bayonet', '123', 1) (int_id, float) VALUES (1, 3);
INSERT INTO TABLE FUNCTION mysql('localhost:3306', 'test', 'test', 'bayonet', '123', 0, 'UPDATE int_id = int_id + 1') (int_id, float) VALUES (1, 4);
SELECT * FROM mysql('localhost:3306', 'test', 'test', 'bayonet', '123');
```

```text theme={null}
┌─int_id─┬─float─┐
│      1 │     3 │
│      2 │     4 │
└────────┴───────┘
```

Copying data from MySQL table into ClickHouse table:

```sql theme={null}
CREATE TABLE mysql_copy
(
   `id` UInt64,
   `datetime` DateTime('UTC'),
   `description` String,
)
ENGINE = MergeTree
ORDER BY (id,datetime);

INSERT INTO mysql_copy
SELECT * FROM mysql('host:port', 'database', 'table', 'user', 'password');
```

Or if copying only an incremental batch from MySQL based on the max current id:

```sql theme={null}
INSERT INTO mysql_copy
SELECT * FROM mysql('host:port', 'database', 'table', 'user', 'password')
WHERE id > (SELECT max(id) FROM mysql_copy);
```

<h2 id="related">
  Related
</h2>

* [The 'MySQL' table engine](/reference/engines/table-engines/integrations/mysql)
* [Using MySQL as a dictionary source](/reference/statements/create/dictionary/sources/mysql)
* [mysql\_datatypes\_support\_level](/reference/settings/session-settings#mysql_datatypes_support_level)
* [mysql\_map\_fixed\_string\_to\_text\_in\_show\_columns](/reference/settings/session-settings#mysql_map_fixed_string_to_text_in_show_columns)
* [mysql\_map\_string\_to\_text\_in\_show\_columns](/reference/settings/session-settings#mysql_map_string_to_text_in_show_columns)
* [mysql\_max\_rows\_to\_insert](/reference/settings/session-settings#mysql_max_rows_to_insert)